In this article, we want to provide you with information about the ancient Egyptians and many ancient civilizations. Do you know the top 10 oldest civilization in the world? Do you have information about how people and their businesses lived in the time of the world’s ancient civilizations? Do you know the oldest civilization of the world?
Many historians have always spent their time discovering antiquities.
They are amazed at how people lived in the past while studying historical sources. Of course, examining the lifestyle of people in the past contains essential lessons for these people. For example, the development of the Mayan civilization after its sudden fall after 900 AD has amazed them.
If you are also interested in studying historical events, join us in this article. In this article, you will get acquainted with the achievements of each civilization and the oldest civilization in the world timeline.
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list of ancient civilizations of the world
Many people think of the Greeks and Romans when they hear about ancient civilizations. Of course, the main reason is that these two civilizations have greatly influenced modern life. These two civilizations have had social, cultural, and political effects on the people for a long time.
In this article, we will thoroughly acquaint you with the main points about the top 10 oldest civilization in the world so that you can get acquainted with other cultures besides the famous civilizations of Greece and Rome. The oldest civilization in the world list is in front of you.
1. Akkadian Empire is first of the oldest civilization in the world
The empire came into being around 2334 BC and lasted until 2154 BC. The location of the Akkadian empire was Mesopotamia, Syria, and Anatolia, which, if we want to mention its current location, includes present-day Iraq, Syria, and Turkey.
The Akkadian Empire is known as the first empire in the world. The Akkadian and Sumerian empires came under a united government, and their civilizations advanced into Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia, or into present-day Iraq, Syria, and Turkey.
The empire came from two distinct civilizations, so the kingdom’s people spoke two languages, including Sumerian and Akkadian. They used two types of calligraphy to write, namely cuneiform and Akkadian. The empire continued to trade with the Indus Valley Civilization, and they lived by exchanging goods for goods. They replaced their surplus agricultural products with family stones, metal, wood, and building stone.
The Akkadian Empire had skilled craftsmen. They could make beautiful stamps and sculptures and engrave them.
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2. Ancient Egyptians is second of oldest civilization in the world
The ancient Egyptians existed from about 3150 to 332 as an empire. The seat of the Egyptian Empire was in the Nile Valley. One of the most significant achievements of the ancient Egyptians is the Great Pyramids.
The 3 main periods of this prominent civilization are:
- Ancient kingdom 2700 – 2200 BC
- Middle Kingdom 2050 – 1800 BC
- New Kingdom 1550 – 1100 BC
If you search the history of Egypt, you will find that the Egyptians had many inventions, the most important of which was the wheel. Many people traveled by the sea at that time. That’s why the design of the wheel by the Egyptians was fantastic. Of course, they also had other inventions
The most important of which were:
- Build famous pyramids
- Writing
- Special irrigation method
- Invent the clock and time
- Invention of toothpaste
3. Indus Valley Civilization in the world
This ancient civilization existed from about 3300 to 1300 BC. It is located in modern-day South Asia or Pakistan and includes northwestern India. The remarkable achievements of this civilization are uniform weights and measures and urban.
Suppose we want to refer to the first urban civilization in South Asia. In that case, we can refer to the Indus Valley Civilization or the Harappan Civilization, located in present-day Pakistan and northwestern India. This civilization is one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world.
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The Harappan developed significantly in terms of habitation and urban areas, and the people created numerous large cities at that time. Among the reasons for urban development in this region, we can named urban planning and water supply systems. There were also precise drainage systems in the city.
Among the inventions and innovations of the people of the Indus Valley, we can mention the first systems for weighing objects and uniform measurement in the world. Using new techniques in metallurgy, they were able to produce metals such as lead and copper, bronze, and tin.
4. The ancient civilization of Mesopotamia
This ancient civilization is one of the most essential and top 10 oldest civilization in the world. This civilization existed from 6500 to 539. Iraq is the place of ancient Mesopotamia today, and the most important achievement of this civilization is the invention of the wheel. (Seymour, 2004)
This civilization first started with small groups of people. They settled in one place and formed the first villages and towns. After settling down, they started farming and irrigation activities to prepare food. As one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world, this civilization had other essential inventions. These inventions were so vital that they are still influential today, like the invention of cuneiform, the science of mathematics, and the production of wheels. Now you are familiar with 4 ancient civilizations. You will read the other 6 items below.
5. The Ancient Greek Civilization
You have probably read a lot about ancient Greek civilization in various historical books. This civilization, one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world, began in 2700 BC and ended in 479 BC. (Brill,1997)
The most critical periods of this ancient civilization are:
- Neolithic
- Early Bronze Age
- Ancient
- Classic
- Hellenistic
Of course, it is necessary to know that the ancient, classical, and Hellenistic periods are known as the most significant period for Greek art.
6. Norte Chico is one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world.
This ancient civilization existed from 4000 BC to 1800 BC. The location of this civilization was Peru, and among its remarkable achievements, we can mention the architecture of sunken circular plazas and earthwork platform mounds.
This ancient civilization existed in the Americas. Archaeologists have discovered six very ancient pyramids in this ancient civilization. They are as old as the first pyramids of contemporary Egypt.
7. The Persian Civilization
This ancient civilization began from 550 BC to 219 years later, i.e., 331 BC.
The most important cities of this ancient civilization are:
- Ahar
- Asaak
- Astara
- Ardabil
Persian civilization is one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world, and its most influential leader was named Cyrus the Great. He was able to unite the divided divisions into one independent kingdom.
The most important inventions of this civilization are animation and letters of the alphabet, and the establishment of a coherent tax system and human rights concepts.
8. Roman Civilizations
This civilization is one of the most influential civilizations of the current period and grew from a small town in the central part of the Tiber River in Italy.
Gradually, this ancient civilization became one of the greatest empires of all time. The people have consistently recognized Rome as one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world.
Among the most amazing inventions of ancient Rome are Roman Numerals Halloween, Corvus, Colosseum stadium, a Codex, Julian Calendar, Toga – the earliest dress, and The papyrus.
9. The Chinese Civilization
China is one of the oldest civilizations in Asia. The beginning of this ancient civilization was 1600 BC, which lasted until 554 years. This ancient civilization, one of the top 10 oldest civilization in the world, collapsed in 1046 BC. China has one of the oldest culture in the world.
The great cities of ancient Chinese civilization were:
- Xian
- Nanjing
- Beijing
- Hangzhou
- Anyang
Chinese civilization has a rich culture, and Chinese social norms are famous worldwide. Among the achievements of this ancient civilization, we can mention silk, tea production, deep drilling, the compass, gunpowder, and the printing system.
10. Mayan Civilizations
This civilization began in 2600 BC and collapsed in 900 BC. This ancient civilization’s largest and most important cities were Tikal, Copan, Calakmul, and Palenque.
Notable inventions of this civilization include Maya Art, astronomy, and chocolate.
Conclusion the top 10 oldest civilization in the world
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References:
- Seymour, M. (2004). Ancient Mesopotamia and Modern Iraq in the British Press, 1980–2003. Current Anthropology, 45(3), 351–368. https://doi.org/10.1086/383004
- (1997). Paths from Ancient Greece. Brill.
- Peachin, M., & Brennan, T. C. (2003).
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